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Chapter I
FRONTIER RELIGION AND THE CAMPBELL INFLUENCE
Religion on the Frontier
It is widely recognized that America's frontier was of far-reaching significance to the political and economic life
of the country during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The influences of the frontier and the frontier spirit
on the religious history of the times are equally important. A summary of the historical facts of the development
of religion on the frontier must first recognize the influence of the frontier itself on the religious life of the
period. The frontier produced a type of eccentric life and theory and of political practice and doctrine, which was
typically its own; it also created its own typical religious experience and expression. The result, according to
Niebuhr, was the formation of peculiarly western denominations. [1]
The eastern states were interested in the frontier and the religious problems it had to face. Missionary societies in
Massachusetts and Connecticut wished to get an authentic picture of conditions; and in 1813 they appointed two men,
B. J. Mills and J. F. Schermerhorn, as their agents "to make a tour through the Western and Southern States and
Territories, preach the gospel to the destitute, explore the country, examine the moral and religious state of the
people and promote the establishment of Bible societies wherever they went," These men reported that
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1. H. Richard Neibuhr, Social Sources of Denominationalism, pp. 136-137.
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